English pyrethroid intoxication.

Chronic sequelae and irreversible injuries following acute pyrethroid intoxication.

 

Muller-Mohnssen H.

 

Physiological Institute, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.

 

For patients the author has observed, the majority of complaints following an acute pyrethroid intoxication disappeared after the end of exposure. Residuals  frequently observed after more than 2 years were: (1) cerebro-organic disorders (reduced intellectual performance with 20-30% reduction of endurance  during mental work, personality disorder), visual disturbances, dysacousia, tinnitus; (2) sensomotor-polyneuropathy most frequently in the lower legs; (3)  vegetative nervous disorders (paroxysmal tachycardia, pollakisuria, increased heat-sensitivity, orthostatic hypotonia and reduced exercise tolerance due to  circulatory disorder). Non-neurological symptoms include deficiency of cellular and humoral immune system established by laboratory findings:  opportunistic infections, especially Candida-infections of the gastro-intestinal tract, relapsing infections of the urinary and respiratory tract, the latter often aggravating to respiratory obstruction. Most of the patients exhibit positive epi- or intracutantest against pyrethroids or pyrethrines, and acquainted  sensitivity also to other antigens. Many of these patients exhibit pathological autoimmune diagnostical findings and developed autoimmune diseases as for  instance scleroderma-like syndrome, myasthenia-like syndrome with progredient muscle atrophy, autoimmun-hemolysis and autoimmun-thrombocytopenic  purpura.

 

Publication Types:

Case Reports

Toxicol Lett. 1999 Jun 30;107(1-3):161-76. Related Articles, Links

 

 

PMID: 10414793 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Bei allgemeiner Intoleranz gegen Medikamente führen bereits Spuren von Pyrethroiden zum vaskulären Kollaps.

 

Darüber wurde prinzipiell schon 1986 in der offenen wissenschaftlichen Literatur berichtet.

 

Und auch der Bericht von Prof. Müller-Mohnssen weist auf systemische Vaskulitis (Kollagenose und Autoimmunerkrankung):

"Many of these patients exhibit pathological autoimmune diagnostical findings and developed autoimmune diseases

as for instance scleroderma-like  syndrome, myasthenia-like syndrome with progredient muscle atrophy,

autoimmun-hemolysis and autoimmun-thrombocytopenic purpura."

 

 

Machen ja auch Medikamente, haufenweise.

Why worry about it?

 

 

Abgesehen davon:

"Die Beschwerden stehen bekanntermaßen in einem Zusammenhang mit erhöhter Histamin-Freisetzung.

Untersuchungen von Sato u.a. (2004) zeigen, dass Pestizide und andere Chemikalien

die Histamin-Freisetzung von sensibilisierten Mast-zellen zunehmen lässt.

Das macht klar, dass der Verbund zwischen Allergie, Intoleranz, Hyperreaktivität und Intoxikation

stärker ist, als bisher angenommen. Auch die kürzlichen Untersuchungen über Pyrethroide

von der Arbeitsgruppe Diel(1998 - 2005) bestätigen diesen Zusammenhang.."

 

Why worry about it?

 

Mit freundlichem Gruss,

GS

 

 

Supplement:

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Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2004 Jan;77(1):67-72. Epub 2003 Oct 9. Related Articles, Links 

 

Current internal exposure to pesticides in children and adolescents in Germany: urinary levels of metabolites of pyrethroid and organophosphorus  insecticides.

 

Heudorf U, Angerer J, Drexler H.

 

Public Health Department, Environmental Medicine and Hygiene, Braubachstrasse 18-22, 60311 Frankfurt, Germany. ursel.heudorf@stadt-frankfurt.de

 

AIM: Pesticides are widely used throughout the world, in agriculture to protect crops and in public health to control diseases transmitted by vectors or  intermediate hosts. After the prohibition of organochlorines such as DDT, today, mainly pyrethroids and organophosphorus insecticides are used. Whereas  many studies have been published on background exposure of the population to organochlorines, data on internal exposure of the population to pyrethroids  and organophosphorus insecticides are scarce. Here, we report on internal exposure of children and young people, in an urban area in Germany, to  pyrethroids and organophosphorus acids, assessed by the analysis of urinary levels of their corresponding specific metabolites. METHODS: Approximately  673 children and adolescents took part in this voluntary investigation, including 331 children <6 years of age. Their parents stated that they and their  children had never used pyrethroids or organophosphorus acids in their homes or for medical reasons. We analysed their spot urine samples for six  metabolites of organophosphorus insecticides [dimethyl-phosphate (DMP), diethyl-phosphate (DEP), dimethyl-thiophosphate (DMTP),  diethyl-thiophosphate (DETP), dimethyl-dithiophosphate (DMDTP) and diethyl-dithiophosphate (DEDTP)] and for four metabolites of pyrethroids  [cis-3-(2,2-dibromo-vinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane carboxylic acid (Br2CA), cis-3-(2,2-dichloro-vinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane carboxylic acid  (cis-Cl2-CA ), trans-3-(2,2-dichloro-vinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropane carboxylic acid (trans-Cl2-CA) and 4-fluoro-3-phenoxy-benzoic acid (F-PBA)] using  gas chromatographic methods with mass-selective detection. The limit of detection was 0.1-0.2 microg/l for pyrethroid metabolites and 1 microg/l for  metabolites of organophosphorus acids; in DMP it was 5 microg/l. RESULTS: The 95th percentiles of the urinary metabolite concentrations were, in  microgrammes per litre, DMP 158, DMTP 180, DMDTP 12, DEP 17, DETP 8, DEDTP <1; Br2CA 0.30, cis-Cl2-CA 0.44, trans-Cl2-CA 1.22, F-PBA 0.30.  There were no correlations between urinary metabolite levels and the age of the children. CONCLUSION: Current background levels of internal exposure to  pyrethroids and organophosphorus insecticides in children and adolescents in Germany are shown. Exposure to these substances in the general population is  thought to occur mainly via residues in the diet. The level of background internal pyrethroid exposure in the children is orders of magnitude lower than the  corresponding acceptable daily intake (ADI) values published, but the level of internal organophosphate exposure may reach and even exceed ADI values.  This observation demands further investigation.

 

PMID: 14551781 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]